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The Pakistan–Afghanistan Crisis: An Overlooked War

Pakistan and Afghanistan have entered one of the most serious periods of confrontation in their recent history, a crisis that has steadily evolved into repeated military exchanges, retaliatory operations, and growing diplomatic tensions.

The United States Designation of the Muslim Brotherhood as a Foreign Terrorist Organisation

Donald Trump’s executive order designating certain Muslim Brotherhood chapters as foreign terrorist organisations and specially designated foreign terrorists is a move that would target the group with economic and travel sanctions.

The Illusion of Connectivity: Does Growing Internet Access Correlate With Freedom of Expression in Kazakhstan?

Kazakhstan’s current digital landscape provides a definitive case study, illustrating the tension between technological advancement and tightening state control.

Kyrgyzstan’s Death Penalty Debate and Its Implications for Human Rights

The Constitutional Court's ruling, while legally significant, has not yet catalysed the systemic legislative response that the scale of gender-based violence in Kyrgyzstan requires.

Three Years Since Criminalisation: Gender-Based Violence in Uzbekistan

The past three years have marked a pivotal period of increased protection for women and survivors of gender-based violence and domestic violence in Uzbekistan.

Central Asia – Things to look out for in 2026

In his speech to the UN General Assembly in September, Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev announced that the process of forming a ‘New Central Asia’ has begun. Certainly in 2026, Central Asia is expected to become an increasingly cohesive and strategic geopolitical community.

Georgia on the Brink: Election Day or Democracy on the Streets

The 4 October local elections in Georgia unfolded under a cloud of state capture, repression, and public defiance.

International Legal Order and Political Will: How Covert Politics Averted the Harmonization of the ICC’s jurisdiction Over the Crime of Aggression

From 7-9 July 2025, a Special Session of the Assembly of State Parties to the Rome Statute convened to undertake a mandated review of the Kampala amendments on the crime of aggression. This ASP presented a rare opportunity to finally harmonize the ICC’s jurisdiction over all four core crimes.

From Dialogue to Discord: Buzzers and Conflict in Indonesia’s Online Public Sphere 

Indonesia’s digital public sphere has shifted from a space of democratic expression to one increasingly influenced by government-sponsored buzzers to suppress criticism.

The Fall of Milorad Dodik and the Future of Republika Srpska

Considering Milorad Dodik’s conviction, awaiting incarceration, and replacement in his role as President of Republika Srpska, the possible implications for the future differ, in diverse thematic spheres.

The ICC’s Arrest of Rodrigo Duterte: Progress and Implications

On 11 March 2025, the Philippines witnessed an event many had long awaited yet few had truly believed would occur. Former President Rodrigo Duterte was arrested and transferred to the International Criminal Court.

The Parliamentary elections in Azerbaijan: Tightening grip on power amid anxiety over foreign influences

2024 was a year of elections for Azerbaijan. The presidential vote, which was not due until October 2025, was moved ahead to February 2024 following the military success of Azerbaijan’s offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh. Predictably, incumbent President Ilham Aliyev secured his fifth consecutive term since he took over from his father, Heydar Aliyev, in 2003.

Is Serbia facilitating Belarus’ political exploitation of INTERPOL?

Journalist and filmmaker Andrei Gnyot has left Serbia for the EU, but is still waiting on a final decision in the court case on his now hypothetical extradition to Belarus.

Sri Lanka’s New President Offers Hope of a Fresh Start on Human Rights

Anura Kumara Dissanayake was elected as Sri Lanka’s new president last month, raising hopes of a fresh start after years of economic strife and a deterioration of the country’s human rights situation.

The “Politicization” of “Western” Sanctions in Republika Srpska

By framing targeted sanctions as an instrument through which the US and UK are pursuing their “anti-Serb” policy in Bosnia-Herzegovina, designees and politicians in Republika Srpska are, on the one hand, effectively de-legitimizing the measure in the eyes of the public opinion in Republika Srpska. On the other, they are portraying themselves as the “protectors” of the Serbs, their rights and, ultimately, their existence within Bosnia-Herzegovina.

Nagorno-Karabakh Refugees in Armenia: Ethnic Cleansing Seems Inevitable

The attack in September 2023 marked a new phase of a long and bitter struggle for control of Nagorno-Karabakh that previously had fueled three wars over three decades and led to widespread displacement of both ethnic Armenians and Azeris.

Tracking hate: Monitoring hate speech in India’s 2024 general elections

Observers are alarmed, with the United Nations having recently expressed grave concern over continuous reports of attacks on religious, racial and ethnic minorities and on civil society and human rights groups, warning it will get worse over the campaign.

The South East Europe and Black Sea Region in 2024: 10 Things to Watch Out For

Our South East Europe and Black Sea Region Programme team distils 10 key issues that may shape the region in 2024.

The ICC’s Al Hassan Gender-Based Persecution Charges and its Operational Impact in the Field

Gender-based persecution is clearly not new in conflict, but there has been a lack of jurisprudence in international criminal law – the Al Hassan case is set to change this.

The Mediterranean in 2024: 10 Things to Watch Out For

Our Mediterranean Programme team distils 10 key issues that may shape the Mediterranean in 2024.

Central Asia in 2024: 10 Things to Watch Out For 

Our Central Asia Programme team distils 10 key issues that may shape Central Asia in 2024.

OSCE Conference Against Trafficking Dispatch: What Needs to Be Done to End Human Trafficking?

The 23rd Alliance Conference Against Trafficking in Persons signalled the importance of the political will in combatting trafficking in human beings and a multidisciplinary approach with multilateral participation in policymaking.

Secessionist voices from Republika Srpska

The internationally brokered Dayton peace agreement that governs Bosnia and Herzegovina is no longer fit for purpose - the country cannot be reconciled until an honest interrogation of its constitution and the institutions therein are radically reformed.

Elections in Nigeria: A Case of Human Rights Breaches

Various electoral malpractices have taken place in Nigeria at different times which has made it difficult to conduct a free and fair election. The importance of 2023 elections will mark the beginning of a new dispensation in Nigeria which cannot be overemphasised.
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